John Cleves Symmes, Jr. is 38 years old in 1818. He lives in St. Louis where he serves as a
trading agent with the Fox Indians. He
is self-educated and, like many of his day, fancies himself to be an amateur
scientist. He is vexed by a particular
question: how is it arctic species like reindeer and foxes migrate north in the
winter and return in the spring healthy and well fed? This is not at all what one expects would
happen to creatures who winter in such a harsh environment. In 1818 the earth’s poles are unexplored and
uncharted lands. No one really knows
what these regions are like and they are an enduring source of curiosity and
speculation.
After spending years thinking about the question of
the arctic animals, Symmes comes to a conclusion, which he announces to the
world in a single-page circular. “I
declare,” it states, “the earth is hollow.”
His ‘theory’, if you can call it that, is beyond the ice covered seas at
both poles lay mild and navigable waters flowing into portal entrances to an
interior paradise. And because these
portals line up with the earth’s axis, Symmes contends the sun is always
shining in this place, either from the north or from the south. Animals migrate to this lush place to avoid
the harsh winter and return in the spring better for it.
His proclamation gets dubbed “Holes in the Poles” and
Symmes pledges his life in support of its truth. He travels near and far to drum up support
for an expedition and, believe it or not, wins converts along the way. A globe is actually created to depict Symmes’
earth and is displayed in museum of natural history. Newspapers and magazines publish renderings
of the planet with a gaping hole where the North Pole should be and a whole
other world on the inside can be seen.
Some people come to refer to him as the “Newton of the West.”
Regrettably, John Symmes dies before he can put
together the resources to explore the poles and – spoiler alert – successful
expeditions find no portal to an inner world, just lots and lots of ice. It is easy to snicker at Symmes’ crazy idea,
but keep in mind many cultures down through the centuries held to some type of
underworld or planet inner world. And
Symmes is not the only person in his day to believe the earth is hollow. Many other similar and competing views hold
sway in the court of public opinion at the time.
It is now 200 years since John Symmes published his
circular and dedicated his life to its truth.
It is quite possible that at the time there were people right here at
St. Paul’s who found his idea compelling.
But if Mr. Symmes could address us this morning we would have to work
hard to listen politely without laughing in his face.
I tell you his story (1) because I enjoy quirky
history like this, and (2) because we gather this morning to celebrate
something equally preposterous. If there
are two things we should know with great certainty, they are these: the earth
is not hollow and dead people remain dead, period! And yet here we are. We should never lose perspective on the
outlandish nature of our claim of the resurrection. It is completely beyond the realm of
possibility or proof.
I have read dozens of books and articles by religious
scholars who do not believe the dead come back to life and thus try to make
sense of the New Testament’s witness.
One possibility: Jesus never died.
Resting in the tomb allowed him to recover from his injuries. This is a particularly popular notion with
those who hold he and Mary Magdalene get married, escape to France, and raise a
family. But given the descriptions of
Jesus’ wounds it seems extremely unlikely any person could have survived what
he endured, certainly not without massive medical attention.
So Jesus dies and is buried. Well, why then is the tomb empty on Sunday
morning? One possibility is the women go
to the wrong tomb. If this is what
happened, why don’t the authorities point out the actual tomb once the
disciples start to talk about resurrection?
Another possibility, the tomb is empty because someone moves the body to
another location, but who? The
authorities? Again, why don’t they
produce the body to disprove the disciples’ story? The disciples? They hardly seem like a group organized
enough to pull off something like this.
And if it is all a hoax, how is it not one disciple confesses to avoid
persecution and martyrdom? Somebody
else? Well, who would move the body, why
would they do it, and how did they get past the trained guards securing the
area?
Here is another possibility suggested by some. Jesus died and remained buried, yet when his
followers gather and remember him it was almost as if he is present with them,
especially when they break bread together.
His spiritual presence is palpable even though he is dead and
buried. While this notion has some
merit, it is difficult to imagine how his followers turned this experience into
a world-changing mission. Yes, Jesus had
a powerful message. And had I been one
of his original followers I might have rallied around the idea of living my own
life in accordance with it. But I cannot
image dedicating my life and suffering martyrdom in an effort to spread it to
the world if Jesus is dead.
In my mind, the only thing that makes sense makes no
sense at all: Jesus died, rose from the dead, and appears to his followers on
different occasions. Some suggest these are just hallucinations. You can explain away Mary’s encounter this
way, but groups of people do not experience the same hallucination. And every time they encounter the risen Christ
he is real, has a physical body one can touch, and on at least one occasion
shares in eating a meal.
John Symmes dedicated his life to an idea he himself
created. Jesus’ followers dedicate their
lives to a person who touched them with God’s healing love, to a person who
taught them how to live into God’s will for all people, to a person who died on
the cross and was buried, to a person who rose from the dead and appeared to
them several different times before ascending into heaven. This is not a story they created. It is a story that captivated them and
compelled them to change the world.
What do you make of it? What sway does it hold over your life? What will you do with it?
